{"id":1115,"date":"2023-04-01T16:47:42","date_gmt":"2023-04-01T20:47:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/?page_id=1115"},"modified":"2023-04-01T17:12:01","modified_gmt":"2023-04-01T21:12:01","slug":"jean-coste-the-ancestor","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/jean-coste-the-ancestor\/","title":{"rendered":"Jean Cost\u00e9, the ancestor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><strong>by Jacqueline, Fran\u00e7ois and St\u00e9phane C\u00f4t\u00e9<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our ancestor C\u00f4t\u00e9 is one of the 80 pioneers and founders of Qu\u00e9bec City and its surroundings. He became one of the first eight farmers of Beauport. The date of his arrival remains unknown. Researchers agree that he arrived in 1634-1635.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_13.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"96\" src=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_13.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-210\" title=\"photo_1\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Of unknown origin, some believe he came from Normandy, others from Mortagne au Perche, in France. The date of his birth also remains unknown<sup>1<\/sup>. Of modest origin, Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 did not have the chance to learn to read: several notarial documents mention that he could neither write nor sign.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"198\" src=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_22.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-215\" title=\"photo_2\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>His marriage<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shortly after his arrival in the country, at the Notre-Dame church in Qu\u00e9bec City, Jean married Anne Martin on November 17, 1635. It was the Jesuit missionary Charles Lalemant who blessed their marriage. This was the 6th or 7th marriage celebrated in Nouvelle-France<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Anne Martin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9, the French origins of Anne Martin remain unknown. Some claim that she is the sister of Abraham Martin. Others suggest that she is the daughter of Galeran Martin, a widower living in the seigneury of Beauport at the time. Did she arrive in Nouvelle-France in 1634 or 1635? There is no evidence to choose. She died and was buried on December 4 and 5, 1684 in Qu\u00e9bec City.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>His family<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8211; Louis &#8211; baptized on October 25 1635, married to \u00c9lisabeth Langlois in 1662;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8211; Simone &#8211; baptized December 09, 1637, married Pierre Soumandre in 1649;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8211; Martin &#8211; baptized July 12, 1639, married to Suzanne Pag\u00e9 in 1667;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8211; Mathieu &#8211; baptized July 06 1642, married to \u00c9lisabeth Gravel in 1667;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8211; Jean &#8211; baptized February 25, 1644, married to Anne Couture in 1669 and to Genevi\u00e8ve Verdon in 1686;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8211; No\u00ebl &#8211; baptized on May 04, 1646, married to H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Graton in 1673;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8211; Marie &#8211; born and baptized on January 11 and 12, 1648, death and burial on January 25, 1648;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8211; Louise &#8211; born and baptized on April 10 and 18, 1650, married to Jean Grignon in1663<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The five sons will have lands on the \u00cele d&rsquo;Orl\u00e9ans, four of them will settle there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Simone lived in Qu\u00e9bec City and Louise in La Rochelle, France.&nbsp; The C\u00f4t\u00e9 family thus became, in 1635, the 10th family to live in Nouvelle-France. The first nine were : H\u00e9bert (1617), Martin (1619), Desportes (1619), de Champlain (1620), Couillard (1621), Langlois (1634), Giffard (1634), H\u00e9bert (1634) and Bourdon (1635)<sup>4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Its properties:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In Qu\u00e9bec City<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On August 26, 1636, Governor Montmagny granted him a one arpent fronting of land on the present Grande-All\u00e9e in Qu\u00e9bec City<sup>5<\/sup>. The ancestor Jean will probably never live on this site which stretches to the river. Nevertheless, Jean became, at this time, the first individual, outside the H\u00e9bert-Couillard family, to receive a land in roture (non-noble property)<sup>6<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"252\" height=\"181\" src=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_34.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-229\" title=\"photo_3\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>This land is located near the present Martello Tower, in the Parc des Champs de Bataille. Its neighbors at that time were the brothers Charles, Jacques and Thomas Sevestre, who had a livestock there as early as 1640<sup>7<\/sup>. Then, Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 sold this land on the Grande-All\u00e9e to Antoine Leboesme dit Lalime, a master harquebusier: he obtained 300 livres, a relatively large amount which implies that the ancestor C\u00f4t\u00e9 may have worked this land before selling it<sup>8<\/sup>. This money will be paid to him in goods from the store of the Compagnie des Habitants. On August 11, 1652, the notary Godet mentions this land located on the \u00ab\u00a0<em>grande route qui va de Quebecq au cap rouge<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em><br><\/em>In Beauport<\/strong><br>As early as 1635, the ancestor C\u00f4t\u00e9 settled on land belonging to Sieur Robert Giffard of Beauport. The latter first granted him a verbal concession for the said site. Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 thus became one of the first eight land clearers in the history of Beauport. The land of the grandfather C\u00f4t\u00e9, located between that of Zacharie Cloutier and that of No\u00ebl Langlois, is between the Beauport and Montmorency rivers, quite close to the waterfall of the same name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He received the official papers from Giffard on February 5, 1645. The notary Tronquet, from Qu\u00e9bec, takes note of the concession. The land in question is three arpents fronting on the river by 126 deep, an estate (more than 375 square-acres in area).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br><a href=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_6.jpg\"><\/a>In Qu\u00e9bec City<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A little later, around 1642, the ancestor Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 received a concession of 150 feet by 60 deep in the Upper Town of Qu\u00e9bec, land and house valued at 450 livres. This site, numbered 11, was located directly on the present rue du Tr\u00e9sor and was bordered by Buade street. It is today the land on which the Caf\u00e9 Buade is located.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1645, the grandfather C\u00f4t\u00e9 owned one of the 30 houses to be built in Qu\u00e9bec City. One of his immediate neighbors was a certain No\u00ebl Morin. His other neighbors in the Upper Town at the same time were: the H\u00e9bert-Couillard family; Madame de la Peltrie, who lived in a stone house; a certain Chavigny de Berchereau; Antoine Brassard, Pierre Legardeur de Repentigny; Jean Bourdon<sup>9<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"191\" src=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_7-300x191.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-241\" title=\"photo_7\" srcset=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_7-300x191.jpg 300w, http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_7.jpg 334w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 will live in this house only very periodically. He will sell it to his future son-in-law Pierre Soumandre and his daughter Simone. The notarized deed of November 15, 1649 mentions that he sells and gives his house \u00ab\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0<em>sise \u00e0 Quebecq, joignant d\u2019un cost\u00e9 les terres appartenantes \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9glise parochialle du dit Quebecq et dautre cost\u00e9 a la maison et terre appartenantes \u00e0 Martin Boutet<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb. Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 gave the couple the said house for 300 livres, thus giving them the 150 livres difference. In 1655, the Soumandre-C\u00f4t\u00e9 couple sold this property and this site to Jacques Bo\u00ebssel.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"116\" height=\"247\" src=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_81.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-243\" title=\"photo_8\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>At the beginning of the colony, around 1650-60, the Iroquois waged an almost unremitting war on the colonists, who were constantly exposed to the incursions of a few bands. It was not uncommon for an inhabitant to be attacked while working in the field and even in his own home. It was therefore important not to move away from each other in order to face all eventualities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is in this context that the bonds of friendship developed between neighbors Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 and No\u00ebl Langlois, the latter inviting the former to stay near him until peace returned<sup>10<\/sup>. Langlois rented a portion of his land for five sols per year to build a house for the C\u00f4t\u00e9 family. When peace returned, Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 retired to his land a little further away, abandoning the house and the piece of land given by Langlois.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A businessman &#8211; a friend<\/strong><br>On July 21, 1641, during bad harvests season, Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 and his friend No\u00ebl Langlois agreed to supply 500 bales of hay to the Compagnie de la Nouvelle-France for the sum of 80 livres tournois. In the contract drawn up by the notary Piraube, they insist that the hay be delivered in one month or as soon as possible<sup>11<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>His death &#8211; his burial<\/strong><br>Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 died in Beauport on March 27, 1661. He was buried in Qu\u00e9bec City the day after his death. Remarkably, his body was buried under the church of Qu\u00e9bec. He was one of the 900 people honored in this way and who sleep in the cellars of the present Notre-Dame-de-Qu\u00e9bec church<sup>12<\/sup>. His burial certificate reads as follows: \u00ab\u00a0<em>Lan 1661, le 28 mars a est\u00e9 enterr\u00e9 dans l\u2019\u00c9glise Jean Cost\u00e9 ancien habitant de ce pays mort le jour pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent en sa maison<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>His estate<\/strong><br>At his death, he left his assets to his wife Anne Martin, who survived him for several years since she died in 1684 in Qu\u00e9bec City. Upon his death, the children from his marriage to Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 inherited the family lands and goods. They sold the land of Beauport to Andr\u00e9 Parent and Marguerite C\u00f4t\u00e9, daughter of Martin C\u00f4t\u00e9, one of Jean&rsquo;s sons.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"190\" height=\"270\" src=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/photo_9.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-245\" title=\"photo_9\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>His posterity<\/strong><br>Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9&rsquo;s career seems surprising considering the closed and restricted environment of the time: from a simple hired hand in 1635, he became, after a few years, master of his lands, and owner of a few houses and promoted to the bourgeoisie. From the second half of the 17th century, Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9&rsquo;s family was highly regarded on the \u00cele d&rsquo;Orl\u00e9ans, notably because it was one of the first families to have taken up residence there (in the present municipalities of Saint-Pierre and Sainte-Famille).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Its memory<\/strong><br>A monument has been erected in memory of the first settlers of Qu\u00e9bec City (1617-1636). On a plaque, the names of Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 and Anne Martin appear among the names of the 47 men and 47 women who laid the first stones of Qu\u00e9bec City. On this monument is a plaque on which appear the names of Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 and Anne Martin as founders of the city of Qu\u00e9bec. Located in Montmorency Park at the corner of C\u00f4te de la Montagne and Rue des Remparts behind the present-day Petit S\u00e9minaire, this monument commemorates the Europeans who brought Qu\u00e9bec City to life in the early 17th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Notes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The origins of Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9 and his wife are unknown and will probably remain so forever. Indeed, on June 15, 1640, the Notre-Dame-de-Recouvrance chapel went up in flames, taking with it the parish registers and all the administrative documents of the colony. The religious and clerics tried to reconstitute the registers from memory, with all the inconveniences that this implied.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marcel Trudel, <em>Histoire de la Nouvelle-France<\/em>, 1983.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ren\u00e9 Jett\u00e9, <em>Dictionnaire g\u00e9n\u00e9alogique des familles du Qu\u00e9bec (des origines \u00e0 1730)<\/em>, 1983.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Samuel de Champlain&rsquo;s wife did not arrive in Qu\u00e9bec for good until 1620. From the various works of Marcel Trudel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Michel Langlois, <em>Les anc\u00eatres Beauportois (1634-1760)<\/em>, 1984.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marcel Trudel, <em>Histoire de la Nouvelle-France : l&rsquo;installation du peuplement<\/em>, 1983.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ibid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ibid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marcel Trudel, <em>Histoire de la Nouvelle-France<\/em>, 1983.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Michel Langlois, <em>Les anc\u00eatres Beauportois (1634-1760)<\/em>, 1984 and Alfred Cambray, <em>Robert Giffard, Premier Seigneur de Beauport et Les Origines de la Nouvelle-France<\/em>, Cap de la Madeleine, 1932.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Michel Langlois, <em>Les anc\u00eatres Beauportois (1634-1760)<\/em>, 1984.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pierre-Georges Roy, <em>Les cimeti\u00e8res de Qu\u00e9bec<\/em>, 1941.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Archives nationales du Qu\u00e9bec, Pavillon Casault, Universit\u00e9 Laval; That is to say: notarial acts, archives, contracts, censuses, parish registers, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CAMBRAY, Alfred, <em>Robert Giffard, Premier Seigneur de Beauport et Les Origines de la Nouvelle-France<\/em>, Cap-de-la-Madeleine, 1932.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00d4T\u00c9, Louis-Marie, <em>Les premi\u00e8res familles fran\u00e7aises du Canada<\/em>, 1997.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00d4T\u00c9, Suzanne and C\u00d4T\u00c9, Jean-Ren\u00e9, <em>Les origines d&rsquo;Anne Martin et Jean C\u00f4t\u00e9<\/em>, in L&rsquo;Anc\u00eatre, 1999.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>JETT\u00c9, Ren\u00e9, <em>Dictionnaire g\u00e9n\u00e9alogique des familles du Qu\u00e9bec (des origines \u00e0 1730)<\/em>, 1983.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LANGLOIS, Michel, <em>Les anc\u00eatres Beauportois (1634-1760)<\/em>, 1984.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LANGLOIS, Michel, <em>Dictionnaire biographique des anc\u00eatres qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois (1608-1700)<\/em> tome I, 1999.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PR\u00c9VOST, Robert, <em>G\u00e9n\u00e9alogie, portraits des familles pionni\u00e8res<\/em>, 1994.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Relations des J\u00e9suites, 1632-1672.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ROY, Pierre-Georges, <em>Les cimeti\u00e8res de Qu\u00e9bec<\/em>, 1941.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ROY, Pierre-Georges, <em>La ville de Qu\u00e9bec sous le r\u00e9gime fran\u00e7ais, volume 1<\/em>, 1930.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TRUDEL, Marcel, <em>Histoire de la Nouvelle-France<\/em>, 1966, 1979, 1983.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TRUDEL, Marcel, <em>Le terrier du St-Laurent en 1674 : de la C\u00f4te Nord au lac Saint-Louis, tome 1<\/em>, 1998.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TURCOTTE, Louis-Philippe, <em>Histoire de l&rsquo;\u00cele d&rsquo;Orl\u00e9ans<\/em>, 1983.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>Photos, illustrations, plans, pictures, drawings<\/strong><br>\u2022 Archives nationales du Qu\u00e9bec, Pavillon Casault, Universit\u00e9 Laval.<br>\u2022 TRUDEL, Marcel, <em>Les terriers du Saint-Laurent<\/em>, 1998.<br>\u2022 CHARLES, J.F., <em>Les pionniers du nouveau monde<\/em>, 1990.<br>\u2022 St\u00e9phane C\u00f4t\u00e9&rsquo;s family iconographic collection.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Jacqueline, Fran\u00e7ois and St\u00e9phane C\u00f4t\u00e9 Our ancestor C\u00f4t\u00e9 is one of the 80 pioneers and founders of Qu\u00e9bec City and its surroundings. He became one of the first eight farmers of Beauport. The date of his arrival remains unknown. Researchers agree that he arrived in 1634-1635. Of unknown origin, some believe he came from <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/jean-coste-the-ancestor\/\"><\/p>\n<p>\tLire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1115","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1115","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1115"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1115\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1128,"href":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1115\/revisions\/1128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/association-cote.com\/2011\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}